It depends. '53's used either an AC or Carter fuel pump- the former had an integral fuel filter, so there was just a union in the line. The Carter had none such, and a separate unit had to be installed between the pump and carb. Now, my '53 Manhattan when I got it in '58 had a Carter pump, but no external filter, so go figure. I drove for many years with no filter at all. That said, in the inlet of the Carter carb there is a cylindrical screen that does filter the incoming gas. Can't say I ever saw anything trapped in it. In the late 60's I did find a scintered brass filter for some other car that nicely fit where the screen went. Used it since with no issues (nor apparently anything ever getting trapped in it.) This all resulted in one less gas line junction, which is an advantage.
So would suggest you see what sort of pump you have. If an AC, you need nothing else, but should clean the integral filter once in a while.